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Anaphylaxis

Pathophysiology

Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis

Common Causes of Anaphylaxis

Allergic Response

Pathophysiology Question

Differential Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis – Question

Mast Cell Tryptase

Emergency Treatment

Emergency Treatment – Overview

Emergency Treatment – Adrenaline

Emergency Treatment – Other

Further Treatment and Management

Further Treatment

Further Management

Clinical Case 1

Clinical Case 2

Clinical Case 3

Anaphylaxis – Post Test

Anaphylaxis – Post Test

Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis – Post Test

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Question 1 of 10

1. Question

Which of the following statements is true about anaphylaxis?

It is a type I hypersensitivity reaction
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It is a type II hypersensitivity reaction
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It is a type III hypersensitivity reaction
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It is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction
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It is a type V hypersensitivity reaction
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Question 2 of 10

2. Question

Adrenaline-resistant anaphylaxis is occasionally seen in patients. Which of the following statements are true about the optimal treatment of this? (Select all that apply)

Glucagon can be useful in patients who are taking beta-blockers
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Glucagon is useful in patients with C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Fresh frozen plasma is the best treatment for patients with C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate is the best treatment for patients with C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
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Glucagon is the first line treatment for anaphylaxis patients who are taking β-blockers
Correct Incorrect Correct answer
Question 3 of 10

3. Question

Mast cell tryptase is released during anaphylactic reactions and is a valuable diagnostic aid. What is the optimal time to take blood for mast cell tryptase levels?

Only at the time of presentation
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At outpatients only
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At the time of presentation, 1-2 hours afterwards and when the patient has recovered
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At the time of presentation, 6-8 hours afterwards and when the patient has recovered
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Just before discharge
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Question 4 of 10

4. Question

Mast cell tryptase is released during anaphylactic reactions and is a valuable diagnostic aid. What is the optimal time to take a blood sample of mast cell tryptase to confirm the diagnosis of anaphylaxis?

Before any treatment has been given
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Within one hour of arrival at the emergency department
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At outpatient follow-up
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Just before the patient is discharged
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Never
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Question 5 of 10

5. Question

What would be the first step in a 16-year-old having acute anaphylactic reaction on peanut ingestion?

Remove the trigger
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Attempt to make the patient vomit
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Attempt intravenous access
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Administer intramuscular adrenaline
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Administer oral steroids and antihistamine
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Question 6 of 10

6. Question

Which of the following treatments needs to be instigated immediately in an acute anaphylactic reaction in a 12-year-old?

3 ml of 1 in 1,000 IM adrenaline
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0.3 ml of 1 in 1,000 IM adrenaline
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0.3 ml of 1 in 1,000 IV adrenaline
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0.3 ml of 1 in 10,000 IM adrenaline
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0.3 ml of 1 in 1,000 SC adrenaline
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Question 7 of 10

7. Question

What is the absolute contraindication for the administration of adrenaline in anaphylaxis?

Coronary artery disease
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Uncontrolled hypertension
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Serious ventricular arrhythmias
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Second stage of labor
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None of the above
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Question 8 of 10

8. Question

Which of the following treatments are useful in patients with anaphylaxis due to c1 esterase inhibitor deficiency? (Select all that apply)

Hydrocortisone
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Adrenaline
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Fresh Frozen Plasma
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Chlorpheramine
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate
Correct Incorrect Correct answer
Question 9 of 10

9. Question

Which one of the following drugs are helpful in patients with anaphylaxis who are also taking beta-blockers and do not respond to adrenaline?

Dobtamine
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Isoprenaline
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Glucagon
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Metoprolol
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Insulin
Correct Incorrect Correct answer
Question 10 of 10

10. Question

Which of the following statements about adrenaline preparations are true? (Select all that apply)

10 ml of 1 in 10,000 contains 1mg of adrenaline
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

10 ml of 1 in 1,000 contains 1 mg of adrenaline
Correct Incorrect Correct answer

0.5 ml of 1 in 10,000 contains 0.5 mg of adrenaline
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0.5 ml of 1 in 1,000 contains 0.5 mg of adrenaline
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37 Comments

Mr Christopher Busuttil October 30, 2023 at 10:12 pm

Useful revision, confirming my knowledge is consistent with current best practice. Interesting use of glucagon in b-blocker patients

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Dr Atif Munir December 3, 2023 at 10:31 pm

Learning Anaphylaxis in detail

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Hwei Choo December 6, 2023 at 4:14 pm

Thank you as revision

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Dr Abdul Majeed Mushtaq Shakir February 19, 2024 at 9:22 pm

Very useful revision

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Sunday Ekaidem February 28, 2024 at 10:45 am

Great session

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Dr Lucky Osakue Idemudia May 7, 2024 at 1:13 pm

great session

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Dr Hafiza Amber Noreen Fatima May 27, 2024 at 3:59 pm

Great session

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Tracy Tanner July 17, 2024 at 10:45 am

Fab session

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Dr Francis Oluwaseyi Awoyemi September 26, 2024 at 9:33 pm

great

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Ms Sara Jayne Breakey October 7, 2024 at 4:09 pm

great recap for dealing with anaphylaxis

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Babajide Adenekan October 12, 2024 at 10:58 am

Very useful revision

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Dr Visvakumaran Reddy December 7, 2024 at 4:15 pm

Great teaching

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ADARSH KRISHNANKUTTY January 11, 2025 at 9:05 pm

Very much informative

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Mr Karim Ullah Khan May 22, 2025 at 4:01 pm

it is amazing explanation and the clinical case presentation is outstanding.

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Mr. Orlando Jr Rios Buenviaje May 23, 2025 at 9:18 pm

very useful.

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Mr Osama I Ahmed August 16, 2025 at 6:33 pm

very good topic well written

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Dr Zara Bashir August 18, 2025 at 4:48 pm

Nice

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Dr Bibekananda Talukder August 19, 2025 at 8:09 am

Very useful

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Dr Xavier Thushanthan Mariyanayagam August 19, 2025 at 8:18 pm

useful

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Mr Ian James Adams August 22, 2025 at 2:45 pm

Great refresher, thank you

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Dr Jack Charles Sadler August 23, 2025 at 4:55 pm

Interesting nugget re: glucagon in anaphylaxis in pts on a beta blocker

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Mr Stephen Colley-Toogood September 12, 2025 at 9:40 pm

Very good recap

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Dr Johnny Collins September 23, 2025 at 3:56 am

Good recap

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Dr Hanie Mohamed Younes Soltan November 13, 2025 at 12:00 am

Very interesting

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Dr Nicole Robin November 27, 2025 at 7:45 pm

Good module

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Dr Shafique Ahmed December 23, 2025 at 9:34 pm

Excellent revision stuff

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Dr Ben Jordan January 6, 2026 at 10:42 am

great, thanks

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Mrs Charlotte Julia Walker January 7, 2026 at 1:33 pm

Very useful thank you

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Dr Aboobacker Sidhique Azhikode Cherankunnath, Specialist Emergency Medicine January 27, 2026 at 12:00 am

Good excercise

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Dr Abdul Manan Babar January 28, 2026 at 2:57 am

Great recall.

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Dr Abdelfatah Tarig Abdelfatah Elgabani February 5, 2026 at 10:57 am

Good

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Dr Tariq Abdelrazig Hag Ahmed Adam March 1, 2026 at 1:32 pm

great recall

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Mr Alexander Baer March 13, 2026 at 10:59 am

Good recap

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Dr Salman Mahmood Wazir April 29, 2026 at 10:37 pm

good course

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Dr Nadia Elsayed Salem Mohamed June 4, 2026 at 5:13 am

well presented module for Anaphylaxis

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Dr Godspower Barikpe Pius-Imue July 10, 2026 at 5:35 pm

Great topic!

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Dr Dileep Abdul Salam July 14, 2026 at 9:30 pm

Excellent Topic. Well structured. Excellent Exam questions

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