Haemorrhoids

Haemorrhoids are enlarged vascular cushions in the anal canal [3].

They can be classified as:

• Internal (above the dentate line)
• External (below the dentate line)

They can also be classified in terms of their degree of prolapse, which helps to aid treatment decisions [3]:

• First-degree: completely internal
• Second-degree: prolapse but reduce spontaneously
• Third-degree: prolapse but reduce manually
• Fourth-degree: cannot be reduced once prolapsed