Pitfalls
- Mistaking COPD for CPO or vice versa
- Mistaking pneumonia for CPO and the consequent misuse of vasodilators and diuretics in septic patients
- Failure to identify and treat the precipitating cause of CPO e.g. STEMI
- Inappropriate use of high dose diuretics in patients with CPO who are euvolaemic or hypovolaemic