Hypercalcaemia in Malignancy – Post Test

A 62-year-old male was diagnosed with stage iv squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. His wife brought him to the ED because during the past week he has been increasingly forgetful. On further questioning, the wife reported her husband was increasingly depressed and fatigued. He had stayed in bed for the past two days.

Laboratory work shows a white blood count of 22×109/l, hemoglobin 10.4 g/dl, haematocrit 29%, a platelet count of 102×109/l, serum calcium level of 3.2 mmol/l, creatinine 300 micromol/l and albumin 28 g/l.

Which of the following laboratory changes might you see in patients with hypercalcaemia?

Further assessment in patients with hypercalcaemia may reveal:

A 72-year-old woman is admitted with confusion and dehydration. Blood tests show:

• Total serum calcium: 3.6 mmol/L
• Serum albumin: 42 g/L

An ECG is performed.

Which of the following findings is most likely to be seen on her ECG?

Which of the following is not used in the management of acute hypercalcaemia?

All of the following can cause hypercalcaemia except: