Introduction

Question

Causes of Hypertensive Emergencies

Vulnerable Organs and Systems – Question

Effects on Organs and Systems

Identifying a Hypertensive Emergency

History

Information for Patient History

Physical Examination

Initial Investigations

Essential Initial Investigations

Hypertensive Urgencies

Treatment Options

Hypertensive Emergencies

Hypertensive Emergencies – Mean Arterial Pressure

Hypertensive Encephalopathy

Focal Neurological Deficit

Focal Neurological Deficit: ICP

Focal Neurological Deficit: Thrombolysis

Cardiac Ischaemia

Cardiac Ischaemia: Controlling BP

Pulmonary Oedema

Other Hypertensive Emergencies

The Evidence – or Lack of It

Key Drugs

Indications and Administration Details