References & Resources

References

1. Heslop P, Blair P, et al. Confidential Inquiry into premature deaths of people with learning disabilities (CIPOLD): Final report. Bristol: University of Bristol; 2013 [cited 2025 Jun 15].
2. White A, Sheehan R, et al. Learning from Lives and Deaths – people with a learning disability and autistic people (LeDeR) report 2022. London: King’s College London; 2023 [cited 2025 Jun 15].
3. Rasool K. Understanding Informed Consent: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. RCEMLearning, 2025. [cited 2025 Jun 15].

Additional Resources

• Royal College of Emergency Medicine. Reports and toolkits. Learning Disability Toolkit. RCEM, 2024.
• Government Equalities Office. Equality Act 2010: guidance. GOV.UK; 2013. Updated: 2015
• Office of the Public Guardian. Mental Capacity Act: making decisions. London: GOV.UK; 2014 [updated 2023 Jun 9] [cited 2025 Jun 15].
• NHS England. Guidance to support implementation of the Mental Capacity Act in acute trusts for adults with a learning disability. London: NHS England; 2025 May 28. [cited 2025 Jun 15].
• Herrievan L. Learning Disabilities in the ED. RCEMLearning, 2018. Updated: 2025
• NHS Digital. Reasonable Adjustment Flag. Leeds: NHS England.
• Community Learning Disability Nursing Service. Reasonable adjustments in emergency departments. YouTube. 2024 Apr 25.
• Herrievan L. Behaviours Behaviours that Challenge. RCEMLearning, 2024.
• Doherty M, Neilson S, O’Sullivan J, et al. Barriers to healthcare and self-reported adverse outcomes for autistic adults: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022;12:e056904.
• Herrievan L, Davies C. Painful to think about? Assessment and Management of Pain in the ED. RCEMLearning, 2023.
• Liz Herrieven, Erica Donovan and Tara McCormack. Hospital Passports, Don’t Forget the Bubbles, 2021.
• Tuffrey-Wijne I, et al. Identifying the factors affecting the implementation of strategies to promote a safer environment for patients with learning disabilities in NHS hospitals: a mixed-methods study. Southampton (UK): NIHR Journals Library; 2013 Dec. (Health Services and Delivery Research, No. 1.13.) Chapter 9, The role of the learning disability liaison nurse.
• Course information: Medical Practice in Adult Learning Disability [PGCert]. Edge Hill University.
• Carers Trust. The Triangle of Care.
• Royal College of Physicians. National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2. London: RCP; 2017.
• NHS England. Do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) and people with a learning disability and/or autism. London: NHS England; 2023 Mar 9.
• Herrievan L. Down Down Syndrome for Emergency Physicians RCEMLearning, 2018. Updated: 2025
• Patel S, Shah S, Ahmed S. Health inequalities for people with learning disabilities: why it matters and what emergency physicians need to know. Br J Hosp Med. 2023;84(12):1–6.