Author: Cynthia Kamweru, William Wilson / Editor: Sarah Edwards / Codes: RP6, SLO1, SLO3, SLO6, UC2, UC7, UP1 / Published: 01/09/2025
A 34-year-old woman presents to the Emergency Department (ED) with a one-week history of haematuria and three day history of progressively worsening right side flank pain. She describes this pain as 10/10 in severity, colicky in nature and is unable to get comfortable. She has come in today as she started to vomit this morning, and the pain is now unbearable.
Her observations are HR 120, BP 90/72, spO2 – 99% on room air, RR 20, Temp 38.9C
On examination, she is unable to get comfortable on the examination bed, and she is sweating. PA- She is tender in the suprapubic region and over both renal angles.
Urine dip results- nitrite/leukocyte – positive, blood-negative, pregnancy test negative
FBC: WCC 18, CRP 60, Hb 130, eGFR >90, normal LFTs.
Venous blood gas: pH 7.40, HCO3- 26.0, Lactate 3.6.
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Key Learning Points
- POCUS can help confirm moderate to severe hydronephrosis and guide management.
- If no hydronephrosis but clinical suspicion remains, consider alternative diagnoses and/or advanced imaging.
- Always consider the clinical context and limitations of ultrasound.
References
- The POCUS Atlas. Renal Ultrasound. [Accessed 11/02/25].
- BMJ Best Practice. Hydronephrosis – Investigations. [Accessed 11/02/25].
- Gaspari RJ, Horst K. Emergency ultrasound and urinalysis in the evaluation of flank pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2005 Dec;12(12):1180-4.
- Hansen KL, Nielsen MB, Ewertsen C. Ultrasonography of the Kidney: A Pictorial Review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2015 Dec 23;6(1):2.
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Question 1 of 2
1. Question
What diagnosis would be the first priority to rule out?
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Question 2 of 2
2. Question
You perform a bedside renal scan and obtain the following image {click the image}.
Image 1 – Bedside Right Renal image1
What would your next step in management be?
CorrectIncorrect
Module Content
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6 responses
Using the POCUS to guide the diagnosis of ureteric stone is the core for the right management of these patients. Thanks !
Very insightful.
Great revision
Short and relevant points for management of what looks like pyelonephritis unless POCUS images suggested obstructive uropathy. Treatment modality completely changes with POCUS help.
great explanation
nice topic