Minimum staffing levels for Emergency Department PSA have been defined as follows [4]:
Minimal sedation with Entonox: One Physician or Emergency Nurse Practitioner (ENP)
Moderate sedation/analgesia with intravenous agents: One Physician providing sedation and one Physician or ENP as operator and one nurse (total of 3)
Deep sedation/analgesia and dissociative sedation using ketamine:
3 practitioners as for moderate sedation. The Physician administering sedation must be accredited with the Royal College of Anaesthetists Initial Assessment of Competence standards.