The acutely injured knee

A 76-year-old man, tripped on stairs falling onto the outer aspect of his right knee. On examination, tender laterally, limited weight-bearing.

a) What abnormality(ies) is/are shown on the X-ray? (1 mark)

b) What other knee injuries are commonly associated with this fracture? (2 marks)

A 65-year-old man tripped while stepping up onto a bus. Pain over anterior knee and difficulty in walking and especially climbing steps.

a) What abnormality(ies) is/are shown on the X-ray? (2 marks)

b) What further investigation could be performed if the diagnosis is not clear clinically ? (1 mark)

A 65-year-old lady who fell onto the edge of a stool, hitting lateral aspect of her left knee. Swollen, bruised tender over lateral joint line.

a) what abnormality(ies) is/are seen on the x-ray? (3 marks)

A 16-year-old boy who fell from a motorcross bike onto his left knee. Very swollen and tender over the patella. Unable to extend or straight leg raise.

a.  What abnormality(ies) is/are seen on the X-ray? (3 marks)

A 55-year-old man with right leg weakness due to multiple sclerosis fell against side of bath hitting his right knee. No effusion. Tender lateral joint line /proximal fibula.

a. What abnormality(ies) is/are shown on the x-ray? (1 mark)

b. What bony and non-bony injuries can be associated with this? (2 marks)

A 23-year-old who fell from a horse onto her left leg, stressing knee into valgus on landing. Painful swollen left knee and unable to weightbear.

a). What radiographic abnormality(ies) is/are shown on the x-ray? (1 mark)

b) What is the orthopaedic injury? (1 mark)

c). List the radiographic signs of this injury that may be seen on the AP and the lateral knee radiograph. (1 mark)

A 53-year-old woman playing football with her son, twisted and fell onto her right knee during a tackle. Partially weight-bearing. Large effusion, generally tender joint line, unable to test ligaments due to pain.

a) What is the injury seen on the x-ray? (1 mark)

b) what soft tissue injury is associated with it (1 mark)

c) What is the management of this injury? (1 mark)

A 15-year-old boy, twisting injury during rugby tackle, painful knee and thigh. No joint tenderness but pain on knee movement.

a) What abnormality(ies) is/are shown on the x-ray? (3 marks)

A 18-year-old boy who fell while skiing. Partially weightbearing and unable to fully extend knee. Large effusion, generally tender joint line.

a) What is/are the radiographic abnormalities (1 mark)

b) What associated non-bony injury does this represent? (1 mark)

c) What investigation would help to confirm this? (1 mark)

A 52-year-old man with previous knee surgery after an RTA. Fell downstairs onto knee – now increased pain and limited weightbearing.

a) What is the injury shown on the radiograph? (2 marks)

b) The patient feels better after analgesia and wants to go home.  What would you advise him? (1 mark)